Hammers: Details from the Setúbal Altarpiece, Jorge Afonso's workshop, 1520-1530 AD

Several hammers are shown on the altarpiece. They are apparently made of cast iron with a square-sectioned front end for hammering and a long swallow-tailed back end for removal of nails. The metal element is longer than our modern hammers, the wooden handle shaft shorter, otherwise there seems to be little difference between this and the modern tool. From the panel with Christ being Nailed to the Cross.